{"id":48289,"date":"2022-06-25T11:18:04","date_gmt":"2022-06-25T08:18:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/?p=48289"},"modified":"2022-06-25T11:18:04","modified_gmt":"2022-06-25T08:18:04","slug":"donanim-nedir-ve-kaca-ayrilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/?p=48289","title":{"rendered":"Donan\u0131m Nedir ve Ka\u00e7a Ayr\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Yinede bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131 daha yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131mak isteyen herkesin biraz da olsa ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir husus donan\u0131m. Sonu\u00e7ta bir <strong>bilgisayar <\/strong>kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak kim bir meseleyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kap\u0131 kap\u0131 teknisyen vb. aramak yerine kendi s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kendi \u00e7\u00f6zmek istemez ki? Bunun \u00fczere kolay olaylarda<strong> donan\u0131mdan<\/strong> biraz anlamak i\u015fleri yoluna koyacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk bak\u0131\u015fta hayli kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k g\u00f6z\u00fcken bu durum, i\u015fin i\u00e7ine girmeye ba\u015flad\u0131k\u00e7a yava\u015f yava\u015f alg\u0131layabilece\u011finiz bir d\u00fczeye b\u00fcr\u00fcnmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Ger\u00e7i bu durum neredeyse bilinmeyen her \u015fey i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli. <strong>Donan\u0131m bilgisi <\/strong>de ola\u011fan ki istisna de\u011fil. Sonu\u00e7 olarak bunlar da bir insan\u0131n elinden \u00e7\u0131kan malzemeler. Bizde merak edenler i\u00e7in en az\u0131ndan kolay bir bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131klamaya karar verdik.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/64c450d1be33dbe9a89bf451195709acb7aa963d.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p><b>Donan\u0131m nedir?<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Bilgisayar Donan\u0131m\u0131, en kolay formuyla anlatmak gerekirse: bir analog yahut dijital bilgisayar\u0131n fizik\u00ee bile\u015fenlerinden rastgele birini tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan toplu bir tabirdir. Donan\u0131m\u0131 bilgisayar\u0131n <strong>kalbinin atmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan organlar <\/strong>gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn, sonu\u00e7 olarak bu mod\u00fcllerden biri ziyan g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde yahut ba\u015f\u0131na bir i\u015f geldi\u011finde t\u0131pk\u0131 insan bedeninde oldu\u011fu \u00fczere bilgisayar \u00fczerinde de var olan sorun <strong>sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcrecini etkiliyor<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Donan\u0131m\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra i\u015fin birde <strong>yaz\u0131l\u0131m <\/strong>k\u0131sm\u0131 mevcut. Donan\u0131m ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m farkl\u0131 \u015feyler \u00fczere g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de ikisi birbirini <strong>tamamlayan <\/strong>etkenlerdir. Bir bilgisayar sadece hem donan\u0131m hemde yaz\u0131l\u0131m ile uyumlu bir bi\u00e7imde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda verimli kullan\u0131m sa\u011flayabilir ve yararl\u0131 \u015feyler \u00fcretebilir.<\/p>\n<p><b>Donan\u0131m ne i\u015fe fayda?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/5a208ddbc76394618374c0b0c53b02721edf3d3d.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Donan\u0131mlar bilgisayar\u0131n en temel \u00f6m\u00fcr i\u015flevlerini sa\u011flayan<strong> fizik\u00ee bile\u015fenler<\/strong> oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftik. Bunu biraz daha \u00f6rneklendirmek gerekirse donan\u0131m: Kullan\u0131c\u0131dan giri\u015f datalar\u0131n\u0131 almak, datalar\u0131 depolamak, \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek ve bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan verilen komutlar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n<p> Donan\u0131mlar\u0131n her biri bilgisayar\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir halde <strong>destekleyip geli\u015ftiriyor<\/strong>. Nat\u00fcrel ki her mod\u00fcl\u00fcn fonksiyonu birbirinden farkl\u0131 olsa da bu farkl\u0131 kesimlerin her birinin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve uyumlu bir bi\u00e7imde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ellerimizde sahip oldu\u011fumuz elektronik ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla kullanabiliyoruz. Rastgele bir donan\u0131m olmadan bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z var olamaz ve nat\u00fcrel ki do\u011fal olarak <strong>yaz\u0131l\u0131m <\/strong>da kullan\u0131lamaz. <\/p>\n<p><b>Donan\u0131m ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00e7e\u015fitleri nelerdir?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/3e6a925006f0f7f41baea13b97161b3af2717f46.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok donan\u0131m mevcut ve bu donan\u0131mlar\u0131 dahili yahut harici donan\u0131mlar olarak ay\u0131rabiliriz. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir formda incelemeye kalkarsak epeyce fazla donan\u0131m oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rebiliriz. Ama biz listemizi kolay ve bilindik bir formda tutucaz.<\/p>\n<p><b><strong>Dahili donan\u0131mlar:<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Anakart<\/li>\n<li>CPU<\/li>\n<li>RAM<\/li>\n<li>Hard Disk<\/li>\n<li>SSD<\/li>\n<li>Ekran kart\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b><strong>Harici donan\u0131mlar:<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fare<\/li>\n<li>Klavye<\/li>\n<li>Mikrofon<\/li>\n<li>Kamera<\/li>\n<li>Monit\u00f6r<\/li>\n<li>Yaz\u0131c\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Hoparl\u00f6r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Anakart<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/79cf418f7c4eaf80016044693cdec9ca065f15b1.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Anakart, bilgisayar \u00fczerindeki CPU \u00fczere temel dahili donan\u0131m\u0131 tutan ve \u00f6b\u00fcr t\u00fcm donan\u0131m bile\u015fenlerinin \u00fcst\u00fcnden ge\u00e7ti\u011fi merkez olarak fonksiyon g\u00f6ren bir devre kart\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b>CPU<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/e688bb1839ce58c0991e5686ea61e03cfcb589a2.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>CPU, \u00e7e\u015fitli programlardan gelen dijital talimatlar\u0131 i\u015fleyen ve y\u00fcr\u00fcten donan\u0131md\u0131r. K\u0131saca bilgisayar\u0131n beyni olarak da tan\u0131mlanabilir.<\/p>\n<p><b>RAM<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/e4ac5b1c20b6b38a78a2cbbf979ed7aa331b9ca8.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>RAM, bilgilerin programlara an\u0131nda eri\u015febilmesini sa\u011flayan s\u00fcreksiz bellek deposudur. RAM s\u00fcreksiz bir bellek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bilgisayar kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda saklanan bilgiler temizlenir.<\/p>\n<p><b>Hard Disk<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/6eab775591b617d68e060242de7536b4bde4219b.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Hard Disk, programlar\u0131, i\u015fletim sistemlerini, ayg\u0131t evraklar\u0131n\u0131, foto\u011fraflar\u0131 vb. dahil olmak \u00fczere hem kal\u0131c\u0131 hem de s\u00fcreksiz bilgileri farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7imlerde depolayan fizik\u00ee bir depolama ayg\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b>SSD<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/c842943a25359eda818f54de686950d14e463d10.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>SSD\u2019ler flash bellek teknolojisine dayal\u0131 kat\u0131 hal depolama ayg\u0131tlar\u0131d\u0131r. SSD\u2019ler kal\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle bilgisayar kapal\u0131yken bile datalar\u0131 inan\u00e7la depolayabilirler.<\/p>\n<p><b>Ekran Kart\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/2a90d4a4c84753ac4aff94b64ed8f435b017393c.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Ekran kart\u0131, bir manzara ayg\u0131t\u0131na (monit\u00f6r gibi) \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 manzaralar\u0131 aktaran bir geni\u015fletme kart\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6z\u00fcnde ger\u00e7ek hesaplamalar\u0131 yapan ana mod\u00fcl GPU bulunur.<\/p>\n<p><b>Fare<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/f97f702e1d23639f1daabf3ced825e52a98fd5c4.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Fare, imlecini bilgisayar ekran\u0131nda hareket ettirebildi\u011finiz, ve ekrandaki objelerle etkile\u015fim sa\u011flayabilece\u011finiz elde tutulan bir i\u015faretleme ayg\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b>Klavye<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/639736d73a9eb178a210c9f4627b1dde0111463b.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Klavye, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n metin, say\u0131 ve \u00f6zel karakterler girmesini sa\u011flayan standart bir QWERTY tu\u015f kadrosuna sahip giri\u015f ayg\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b>Mikrofon<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/e92bc9af6b1f6fcd9f4c75e0f4e014367ae6ef8f.png\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Mikrofon, ses dalgalar\u0131n\u0131 elektrik sinyallerine \u00e7eviren ve bilgisayar tabanl\u0131 ses irtibat\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen bir ayg\u0131tt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b>Kamera<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/a832db5f90b08c31cce57760efd6e347813d7c85.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Kamera, g\u00f6rsel imgeleri yakalar ve bunlar\u0131 bilgisayara yahut bilgisayar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bir a\u011f ayg\u0131t\u0131na aktar\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b>Monit\u00f6r<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/4f7332f8b2c3673db7c6d429161b52a6d2af598d.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Monit\u00f6r, bilgi s\u00fcre\u00e7 ayg\u0131t\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan bilgileri, dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131 yahut imgeleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyen bir \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ayg\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b>Yaz\u0131c\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/02d60e4b77f22a4b7578cb01dcb396c490fa87a1.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Yaz\u0131c\u0131lar, elektronik datalar\u0131 bir bilgisayardan bas\u0131l\u0131 fizik\u00ee gerece d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren ayg\u0131tlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><b>Hoparl\u00f6r<\/b><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0003\/36\/fff92ed501b8fb980184f1b6e49944f3afedd698.jpeg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Hoparl\u00f6r, ses \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in bilgisayara ba\u011flanan harici bir ses \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ayg\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div>  <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yinede bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131 daha yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131mak isteyen herkesin biraz da olsa ara\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir husus donan\u0131m. Sonu\u00e7ta bir bilgisayar kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48290,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[851],"tags":[1007,1038,539,1063,908],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48289"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=48289"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48291,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48289\/revisions\/48291"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/48290"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=48289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=48289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=48289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}