{"id":25069,"date":"2022-05-11T15:36:03","date_gmt":"2022-05-11T12:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/?p=25069"},"modified":"2022-05-11T15:36:03","modified_gmt":"2022-05-11T12:36:03","slug":"internet-tarayicilari-nasil-calisir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/?p=25069","title":{"rendered":"\u0130nternet Taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 <\/em>her g\u00fcn tekraren kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z uygulamalar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Adres \u00e7ubu\u011funa bir internet sitesinin ismini yaz\u0131yoruz ve istedi\u011fimiz site birka\u00e7 saniyede kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu kadar kolay \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor \u00fczere g\u00f6r\u00fcnen internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 asl\u0131nda hayli karma\u015f\u0131k\u00a0<\/strong>\u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensiplerine ve saniyeler i\u00e7inde mucizeler yaratan alt sistemlere sahip eserler.<\/p>\n

Microsoft Edge, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari ve Opera d\u00fcnyada en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan ve internet trafi\u011finin %95\u2019inin yo\u011funlu\u011funu<\/strong> ta\u015f\u0131yan internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131. <\/em>Kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fczleri hayli farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de t\u00fcm internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 benzeri prensiplerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. Sizin i\u00e7in internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r <\/strong>sorusunu yan\u0131tlad\u0131k ve bilmeniz gerekenleri en kolay bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131k.<\/p>\n

\u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Bir internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, adres \u00e7ubu\u011funa yaz\u0131lan URL (ba\u011flant\u0131, link) bilgisini kabul eder, URL kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r, <\/strong>kaynaktaki i\u00e7erikleri i\u015fler ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in manzaralar. \u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in kaynak ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 ortas\u0131ndaki bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc demek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz.<\/p>\n

Buna nazaran internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibini d\u00f6rt temel kategoride k\u0131ymetlendirebiliriz: URL kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmek ve \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmak, kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemek ve y\u00f6nlendirmek, <\/strong>kayna\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek, kaynaktan al\u0131nan i\u00e7eri\u011fi depolamak. D\u00f6rt kategorinin her biri farkl\u0131 alt sistemler ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmak:<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n adres \u00e7ubu\u011funa yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z link yani URL bilgisinin ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu kaynaktaki i\u00e7erik geni\u015f bir a\u011f katman\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde <\/strong>bulunmaktad\u0131r. Kullan\u0131c\u0131, URL bilgisini yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve arama tu\u015funa bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 vakit internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 a\u011f katman\u0131 i\u00e7inden HTTP \/ FTP protokollerini kullanarak kayna\u011f\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Olu\u015fturma altyap\u0131s\u0131 olarak isimlendirilen bir alt sistem arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kaynaktaki i\u00e7eri\u011fe ili\u015fkin bilgiler bayt boyutunda <\/strong>internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na gelmeye ba\u015flar. \u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, kaynak internet sitesindeki birtak\u0131m datalar\u0131 daha sonra kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n daha kolay ula\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011fine al\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u015flemek:<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u00fcrece motoru:<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

URL bilgisi ile a\u011f katman\u0131ndan kaynaktaki bilgileri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ran internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 datalar\u0131 i\u015flemeye ba\u015flar. <\/strong>Kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u015flerken kullan\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 farkl\u0131 alt sistem bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar; s\u00fcrece motoru, JavaScript motoru ve arkay\u00fcz sistemidir.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrece motoru a\u011f katman\u0131ndan al\u0131nan kaynaktaki bilgileri i\u015fler ve g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale getirir. S\u00fcrece motoru temel olarak HTML, XML ve g\u00f6rsel belgeleri <\/strong>i\u015fliyor. Her internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir s\u00fcrece motoru kullanabilir. Google Chrome ve Opera Blink, <\/em>Mozilla Firefox Gecko, <\/em>Microsoft Edge EdgeHTML, <\/em>Safari ise WebKit <\/em>s\u00fcrece motorunu kullan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrece motoru kaynaktaki kodu DOM a\u011fac\u0131 olarak isimlendirilen g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr objeye \u00e7evirir. DOM a\u011fac\u0131 kaynaktaki datalar\u0131n en temel halidir. <\/strong>\u00d6b\u00fcr alt sistemlerin de yard\u0131m\u0131yla bu a\u011fa\u00e7 CSS \u00f6zelliklerini, renkleri, art plan\u0131 g\u00f6sterir bir hale gelir.\u00a0<\/p>\n

JavaScript motoru:\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

S\u00fcrece motoru HTML, XML ve g\u00f6rsel \u00fczere kolay evraklar\u0131 i\u015fleyerek DOM a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftururken JavaScript motoru JavaScript kodunu i\u015fler <\/strong>ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme s\u00fcrecini ba\u015ft\u0131r. Elbette t\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 boyunca arkay\u00fcz sistemi veritaban\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netir, sunucu ayarlamalar\u0131n\u0131 yapar ve sistemin en verimli halde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

Her internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir <\/strong>JavaScript motoru kullanabilir. Google Chrome Chrome V8, <\/em>Safari JavaScriptCore, <\/em>Mozilla Firefox SpiderMonkey, <\/em>Microsoft Edge ise Chakra <\/em>JavaScript motorunu kullan\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/p>\n

JavaScript motoru, bellek y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131nda JavaScript datalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015flerken davet y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131nda yap\u0131lan s\u00fcre\u00e7leri d\u00fczenler. JavaScript motoru bu iki y\u0131\u011f\u0131nda datalar\u0131 getirme ve d\u00fczenleme, datalar\u0131 ve s\u00fcrece m\u00fcddetlerini tahlil etme, <\/strong>s\u00fcreci optimize etme, \u00e7\u00f6p bilgileri toplama \u00fczere temel s\u00fcre\u00e7leri yerine getirir. Google\u2019a ili\u015fkin olan Chrome V8 JavaScript motoru \u00e7\u00f6p bilgileri toplama s\u00fcrecini en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 formda yapan motorlardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme:<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme kategorisi, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kaynak ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 noktad\u0131r. URL bilgisi ile a\u011f katman\u0131ndan \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lan datalar s\u00fcrece motorlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi ve s\u0131ra kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesine geldi. \u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 bu noktada aray\u00fczleri ve taray\u0131c\u0131 motorlar\u0131n\u0131 <\/strong>kullan\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

\u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131c\u0131ya sunulan aray\u00fczler, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kaynak datalar\u0131n\u0131 denetim etmesini sa\u011flar. Adres \u00e7ubu\u011fu, ileri ve geri butonlar\u0131, kaydetme, a\u00e7ma ve kapama butonlar\u0131 ve kaynak datalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclendi\u011fi ana ekran internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fczleridir. Bu bahiste rastgele bir standart olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in <\/strong>her internet taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir aray\u00fcz kullanabilir.<\/p>\n

Taray\u0131c\u0131 motoru alt sistemi, s\u00fcrece motoru ve JavaScript motoru taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenen datan\u0131n kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesini ve internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan denetim edilmesini sa\u011flayan <\/strong>alt sistemdir. Yani, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kaynak ile birebir etkile\u015fime girmesini sa\u011flayan sistemdir taray\u0131c\u0131 motoru.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi depolamak:<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Her internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 kaynaktaki i\u00e7eriklerin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kayna\u011fa ili\u015fkin kimi datalar\u0131 depolamak i\u00e7in hudutlu bir bilgi depolama kapasitesine <\/strong>sahiptir. Burada kaydedilen bilgiler, a\u011f katman\u0131 ile temas\u0131n kopmas\u0131 durumuna kar\u015f\u0131 internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n aray\u00fcz\u00fcne al\u0131nan bilgiler ve kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u011fa bir sonraki sefer daha kolay ula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nan datalard\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n depolad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgiler ortas\u0131nda mahall\u00ee belgeler, oturum bilgileri, \u00e7erezler, WebSQL datalar\u0131, IndexedDB evraklar\u0131, AppCache bilgileri ve hizmet belgeleri \u00fczere datalar vard\u0131r. Depolanan bu bilgiler aray\u00fczde bulunur ve a\u011f katman\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kesilmesi <\/strong>durumunda bile kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmeye devam eder.<\/p>\n

Lokal evraklar ve oturum bilgileri genel olarak JavaScript objelerinin anahtarlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fur. Bu datalar \u00f6zel olarak temizlenmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece <\/strong>internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n depolama alan\u0131nda saklanmaya devam eder. Depolama sonlar\u0131 ortalama olarak obje ba\u015f\u0131na 5 MB, site ba\u015f\u0131na ise 50 MB olarak belirlenir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7erezler, kaynak taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen anahtar bilgilerdir. \u0130stemci ve sunucu ortas\u0131nda al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f edilirler. \u00c7erezler, performans konusunda kimi \u0131st\u0131raplar <\/strong>yaratsalar bile z\u0131mnilik ve g\u00fcvenlik \u00fczere hususlarda ehemmiyet ta\u015f\u0131rlar. WebSQL datalar\u0131, IndexedDB evraklar\u0131 performans i\u00e7in gereklidir. Hizmet belgeleri ise Google\u2019\u0131n internet sitesi datalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evrimd\u0131\u015f\u0131 kullanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir yoldur.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zetle, internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibini ve karma\u015f\u0131k alt sistemlerini \u00f6zetlemek gerekirse; internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 adres \u00e7ubu\u011funa yaz\u0131lan URL bilgisi ile a\u011f katman\u0131nda bulunan kayna\u011fa ula\u015f\u0131r, kaynaktaki datalar arkay\u00fcz sisteminin yard\u0131m\u0131yla s\u00fcrece motoru ve JavaScript motoru taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenerek g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir hale gelir, <\/strong>i\u015flenen datalar internet taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fcnde depolan\u0131r ve taray\u0131c\u0131 motoru sayesinde kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenerek denetim edilir.<\/p>\n

Sizin i\u00e7in internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r sorusunu yan\u0131tlad\u0131k ve bilmeniz gereken ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 en kolay formda a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131k. Tek dokunu\u015fla kolayl\u0131kla <\/strong>internet d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcze seren internet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibine ve karma\u015f\u0131k alt sistemlerine \u015fa\u015f\u0131rmamak elde de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130nternet taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 her g\u00fcn tekraren kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z uygulamalar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Adres \u00e7ubu\u011funa bir internet sitesinin ismini yaz\u0131yoruz ve …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25070,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[854],"tags":[1606,4386,1106,863,1035],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25069"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25069"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25069\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25071,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25069\/revisions\/25071"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/25070"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25069"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25069"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25069"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}