{"id":20035,"date":"2022-05-02T07:18:03","date_gmt":"2022-05-02T04:18:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/?p=20035"},"modified":"2022-05-02T07:18:03","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T04:18:03","slug":"mona-lisa-neden-yapildigi-yerde-degil-de-fransada","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/?p=20035","title":{"rendered":"Mona Lisa, Neden Yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Yerde De\u011fil de Fransa\u2019da?"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcm vakitlerin en bilinen hezarfenlerinden Leonardo Da Vinci'nin\u00a0Mona Lisa<\/em> tablosu,\u00a0<\/strong>muhtemelen R\u00f6nesans evresinin en tan\u0131nan yap\u0131t\u0131 diyebiliriz. Yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131ldan beri tarih\u00e7ilerin ve komplo teoricilerinin g\u00fcndeminden d\u00fc\u015fmeyen tablonun bir\u00e7ok s\u0131rr\u0131 oldu\u011fu arg\u00fcman ediliyor. Tablonun sahibi, R\u00f6nesans<\/strong> \u0130talya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n en tan\u0131nan sanatkar\u0131 olan Leonardo Da Vinci\u2019ye <\/em>dair bir\u00e7ok \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m da bu tablo \u00fczerinden yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mona Lisa<\/em>\u2019n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn gizemlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra insanlar\u0131n akl\u0131na tak\u0131lan bir soru daha var: Bu tablo neden Leonardo Da Vinci\u2019nin do\u011fdu\u011fu ve yap\u0131t\u0131 yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclke olan \u0130talya\u2019da de\u011fil de Fransa\u2019daki Louvre m\u00fczesinde<\/strong> sergileniyor? Sorunun cevab\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in R\u00f6nesans periyoduna ve Leonardo Da Vinci'nin hayat\u0131na seyahat ediyoruz.<\/p>\n

R\u00f6nesans \u0130talya\u2019s\u0131 ve Leonardo Da Vinci<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

R\u00f6nesans \u0130talya\u2019s\u0131 sinemalara, kitaplara, dizilere ve hatta oyunlara bile mevzu olmu\u015f. 1300 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan R\u00f6nesans evresi, 1600 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Avrupa sanat tarihinin en de\u011ferli yap\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0R\u00f6nesans\u2019\u0131n Michelangelo, Donatello, Botticelli ve Leonardo Da Vinci<\/strong> \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok ikonik sanatkar\u0131 insanl\u0131k tarihinin en etkileyici eserlerindn kimilerini hayata ge\u00e7irdiler.<\/p>\n

Orta \u00c7a\u011f<\/strong> ve Islahat<\/strong> periyotlar\u0131n\u0131n ortas\u0131nda yer alan R\u00f6nesans\u2019ta<\/em>, bat\u0131 ile klasik antikite ortas\u0131nda sanat, bilim, ideoloji ve mimarl\u0131kta ba\u011f\u0131n tekrar kurulmas\u0131 sa\u011fland\u0131. Antik Yunan filozof ve bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7eviri yoluyla al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, deneysel niyetin canland\u0131\u011f\u0131, h\u00fcmanizm \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir periyot olan R\u00f6nesans\u2019\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck ke\u015fiflerinden biri de matbaa<\/strong> idi.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

15 Nisan 1452\u2019de do\u011fan Da Vinci (Tam ismi<\/strong>: Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci<\/em>), bu devrin en \u00e7ok tan\u0131nan sanat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Kendisi bir filozof, astronom, mimar, m\u00fchendis, mucit, matematik\u00e7i, anatomist, m\u00fczisyen, heykelt\u0131ra\u015f, botanist, jeolog, kartograf, m\u00fcellif ve ressamd\u0131r<\/em>. Kendisi vaktinde \u0130talya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131'na sava\u015f makineleri tasarlay\u0131p sava\u015flar kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/strong>. Da Vinci\u2019nin en \u00fcnl\u00fc tablolar\u0131 Son Ak\u015fam Yeme\u011fi <\/strong>ve Mona Lisa<\/strong>\u2019d\u0131r. Sanat\u00e7\u0131, 2 May\u0131s 1519\u2019da hayata g\u00f6zlerini yummu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Kendisi Dan Brown\u2019un Da Vinci \u015eifresi<\/strong> kitab\u0131 ve sinemas\u0131na, Assassin\u2019s Creed 2<\/strong> ve Brotherhood<\/strong> oyunlar\u0131na, bir\u00e7ok belgesele ve Da Vinci\u2019s Demons<\/strong> isimli diziye bahis olmu\u015ftur. Hatta Assassin\u2019s Creed Brotherhood oyununda kendisinin Mona Lisa tablosuna ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ana karakter Ezio ile ona bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayal eseri olan bir sekans da bulunmakta.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Mona Lisa nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Mona Lisa<\/em><\/strong> tablosu, bahsetti\u011fimiz \u00fczere y\u0131llard\u0131r tarih\u00e7ilerin g\u00fcndeminde olan bir eser. 16. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, 1503<\/strong> y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7ok tarafl\u0131 sanat\u00e7\u0131 Leonardo Da Vinci <\/em>taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanan eser, R\u00f6nesans<\/strong> \u0130talya\u2019s\u0131n\u0131n sembol\u00fc haline gelmi\u015f durumda. Tablodaki bayan\u0131n %50 g\u00fcl\u00fcmseyip %50 somurtmas\u0131 \u00fczere enteresan ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara sahip olan tablo \u00fczerinden bir\u00e7ok \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131. Hatta bu g\u00fcl\u00fcmsesinin s\u0131rr\u0131, y\u0131llar evvel yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla ortaya koyulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Tablonun art plan\u0131ndaki orman, k\u00f6pr\u00fc ve yollarda gizlenmi\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitli harfler oldu\u011fu da sav edilmekte. Yap\u0131ttaki bayan\u0131n kim oldu\u011funa dair de bir\u00e7ok teori var: Bunlardan bir tanesi, Leonardo Da Vinci<\/strong>\u2019nin e\u015fcinsel<\/strong> oldu\u011fu ve ilgi ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ra\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> o devrin homofobik ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc bir bayan<\/strong> olarak resmetmi\u015f olmas\u0131. Bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 ve daha kabul edilebilir olan\u0131\u00a0ise kad\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0Floransa\u2019n\u0131n soylu ailelerinden Gherardini<\/strong> ailesinin k\u0131z\u0131 Lisa del Giocondo<\/strong> olmas\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu sembolik tablo ile ilgili daha evvelce yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u201cMona Lisa'n\u0131n \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fclememi\u015f 7 Gizemi\u201d isimli i\u00e7eri\u011fimize de a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ili\u015fkiden g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n

Pekala Mona Lisa neden R\u00f6nesans\u0131n merkezi, Da Vinci'nin meskeni \u0130talya'da de\u011fil de Fransa\u2019da sergileniyor?<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/b><\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn ayr\u0131nt\u0131lardan bahsettik, gelelim as\u0131l sorumuza: Mona Lisa neden Fransa\u2019da?<\/strong> Leonardo Da Vinci, daha evvel de bahsetti\u011fimiz \u00fczere Mona Lisa\u2019y\u0131 1503 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Tablonun \u00fcretiminin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 1507\u2019ye kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fc lakin tekrar de tam olarak bitmemi\u015fti. Bu tablo, Da Vinci\u2019nin en sevdi\u011fi tablosuydu ve hayat\u0131n\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 boyunca tabloya ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar eklemeye<\/strong> devam etti.<\/p>\n

1517 y\u0131l\u0131nda Da Vinci, Fransa Kral\u0131\u2019n\u0131n daveti ile Fransa\u2019ya gitti ve Mona Lisa\u2019y\u0131 da beraberinde g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Vefat\u0131na, yani 2 May\u0131s 1519\u2019a kadar Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Amboise kentinde kalan sanat\u00e7\u0131, tabloya ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar eklemeye h\u00e2l\u00e2 devam ediyordu ve bitmi\u015f de\u011fildi. Fakat buradaki asistan\u0131 Sala\u00ee<\/strong>, tabloyu a\u015f\u0131rarak Fransa H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 1. Francis\u2019e 4.000<\/strong> alt\u0131na satt\u0131<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Tablo o s\u0131ralar Fontainbleau\u2019daki Sarayda tutuluyordu ve Kral 14. Louis\u2019in<\/strong> periyoduna kadar orada kald\u0131. Daha sonra Versailles Saray\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nan tablo, 1700\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali<\/strong>\u2019nde Louvre m\u00fczesine<\/strong> ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Mona Lisa\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131nmas\u0131, \u015f\u00fcpheliler ortas\u0131nda Picasso bile var:<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

1911 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mona Lisa, Louvre M\u00fczesinden \u00e7al\u0131nd\u0131. Hatta biraz ger\u00e7ek d\u0131\u015f\u0131 gelebilir lakin tabloyu \u00e7alan \u015f\u00fcpheliler listesinde Pablo Picasso<\/strong> da vard\u0131. 2 y\u0131l boyunca tablonun karaborsada sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve sonsuza kadar kayboldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Fakat 1913 y\u0131l\u0131nda Vincenzo Perugia<\/strong>, tablonun \u00e7al\u0131nmas\u0131nda hatal\u0131 bulundu.<\/p>\n

Perugia, Louvre m\u00fczesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u0130talyan<\/strong> bir hademeydi ve tablonun yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer olan \u0130talya\u2019ya ili\u015fkin oldu\u011funu<\/strong> d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bu sebeple de \u00e7ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. 2 y\u0131l boyunca bu tarihi yap\u0131t\u0131 meskeninde bulunduran Perugia, tabloyu 100.000 dolar<\/strong> kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n Floransa kentinde bulunan bir galeriye satmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken yakaland\u0131. B\u00f6ylece tablo Louvre m\u00fczesine<\/em> geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131llar boyunca \u0130talya h\u00fck\u00fcmeti<\/strong>, bu tarihi k\u0131ymeti b\u00fcy\u00fck olan sanat yap\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 \u0130talya\u2019ya d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in her t\u00fcrl\u00fc diplomatik<\/em> yolu denedi. Hatta George Clooney<\/strong>, The Monuments Man sinemas\u0131 ile birlikte Mona Lisa\u2019n\u0131n \u0130talya\u2019ya geri d\u00f6nmesi i\u00e7in kampanya bile ba\u015flatt\u0131. Lakin Fransa h\u00fck\u00fcmeti<\/strong>, yap\u0131t\u0131n bir yerden bir yere ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok k\u0131r\u0131lgan<\/em> oldu\u011funu belirterek tabloyu asla iade etmedi.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcm vakitlerin en bilinen hezarfenlerinden Leonardo Da Vinci'nin\u00a0Mona Lisa tablosu,\u00a0muhtemelen R\u00f6nesans evresinin en tan\u0131nan yap\u0131t\u0131 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20036,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[858],"tags":[3731,3734,3732,3733,1764],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20035"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=20035"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20035\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20037,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20035\/revisions\/20037"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20036"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=20035"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=20035"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=20035"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}