{"id":15094,"date":"2022-04-23T04:00:05","date_gmt":"2022-04-23T01:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/?p=15094"},"modified":"2022-04-23T04:00:05","modified_gmt":"2022-04-23T01:00:05","slug":"bilim-insanlari-insan-beyninde-yeni-bir-sinyal-kesfetti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/?p=15094","title":{"rendered":"Bilim \u0130nsanlar\u0131 \u0130nsan Beyninde Yeni Bir Sinyal Ke\u015ffetti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bilim insanlar\u0131, insan beyninde yeni bir \u00e7e\u015fit <strong>elektriksel<\/strong> <strong>s\u00fcre\u00e7<\/strong> ke\u015ffetti. Ke\u015ffedilen bu yeni sinyal, beynimizin e\u015fsiz <strong>hesap<\/strong> <strong>yapma<\/strong> prosed\u00fcr\u00fcnde anahtar rol oynuyor olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Beynimiz, <strong>n\u00f6ron<\/strong> dedi\u011fimiz ve hareket potansiyelleri ismi verilen\u00a0kimyasal ve elektriksel sinyalleri kullanarak <strong>bilgi<\/strong> <strong>de\u011fi\u015fimi<\/strong> yapan, birbiriyle kontakl\u0131 beyin h\u00fccrelerini kullanan bir bilgisayara misal. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, beynimizin en d\u0131\u015f katman\u0131 olan <strong>beyin<\/strong> <strong>zar\u0131nda<\/strong> bulunan muhakkak h\u00fccrelerin, kemirgenlerde buna tekab\u00fcl eden h\u00fccrelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen bir yoldan sinyal iletti\u011fini ke\u015ffetti.<\/p>\n<p>Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, \u00f6zg\u00fcn beyinlerimizi daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn anlamada ve <strong>insan<\/strong> <strong>beynini<\/strong> model alan programlar\u0131 g\u00fczelle\u015ftirmede de\u011ferli olabilir. Humboldt \u00dcniversitesi&#39;nden ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131\u00a0<strong>Matthew<\/strong> <strong>Larkum<\/strong>, insan n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n\u0131n daha evvel d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hesaplama ayg\u0131tlar\u0131 olabilece\u011fini belirtiyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsan beyni, bilhassa y\u00fczeyden <strong>ikinci<\/strong> ve <strong>\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc<\/strong> katmanlarda <strong>kal\u0131n<\/strong> bir <strong>zara<\/strong>\u00a0sahip. Bu katmanlar, dendrit denilen \u00e7ok say\u0131da kola ayr\u0131lan beyin h\u00fccrelerine sahip. Bunlar, beyin h\u00fccrelerini birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131yor ve ba\u015fka beyin h\u00fccreleri ortas\u0131ndaki <strong>bilgi<\/strong> <strong>de\u011fi\u015f<\/strong> <strong>toku\u015funu<\/strong> sa\u011fl\u0131yor.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, epilepsi ve t\u00fcm\u00f6r sahibi hastalar\u0131n ikinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc <strong>beyin<\/strong> <strong>zar\u0131<\/strong> <strong>katmanlar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> inceledi ve \u00f6zel olarak dendritlere odakland\u0131. Larkum, t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc olan hastalar\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015fahedelerin s\u0131rf <strong>epileptik<\/strong> hastalardan ibaret olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 garanti alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in se\u00e7ildi\u011fini kaydediyor.<\/p>\n<p><b><strong>\u015eimdi ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 kademesinde bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/images\/editor\/default\/0002\/38\/a3d76b6d2249a8815b64e9ff8b7535c7f897df09.jpeg\"\/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bilim insanlar\u0131, incelenen dokular\u0131 patch kenetleme ismi verilen bir sisteme ba\u011flad\u0131. <strong>Patch<\/strong> <strong>kenetleme<\/strong>, h\u00fccrelerden elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 \u00fcreten ve birebir vakitte \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aleti de olan bir sistem. Floresan \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 mikroskopla ikinci ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc katmanlardaki h\u00fccreleri g\u00f6zlemleyen ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, giri\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f elektrik ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n, <strong>kemirgen<\/strong> <strong>h\u00fccrelerine<\/strong> g\u00f6re daha fazla uyar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hareket potansiyeli yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve dendritlerin faaliyetini engellemesi gereken bir kimyasal\u0131n bunu tam manas\u0131yla yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0ke\u015ffetti.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Deneyler, <strong>sodyum<\/strong> ve <strong>kalsiyum<\/strong> <strong>iyonlar\u0131<\/strong> yerine s\u0131rf <strong>kalsiyum<\/strong> <strong>iyonlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> yard\u0131m\u0131yla seyahat yapan yeni bir \u00e7e\u015fit hareket potansiyeli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi. Bu, daha evvel memelilerin beyin zar\u0131 h\u00fccrelerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f tipten bir aksiyon potansiyeli.<\/p>\n<p>Lakin ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar deneylerini daha da ileri g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcler. &#8220;<strong>Kalsiyumun arac\u0131l\u0131k etti\u011fi dendritsel hareket potansiyelleri<\/strong>&#8221; davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra onlar\u0131 bir bilgisayar sim\u00fclasyonunda modellediler. Modelde, bu hareket potansiyellerinin hesaplama fonksiyonunu yerine getirdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Bilim insanlar\u0131, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7in daha evvel tek bir n\u00f6ronun de\u011fil, bir n\u00f6ron a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Bilim be\u015ferlerine g\u00f6re\u00a0yapay hudut a\u011f\u0131, hesaplamalar\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in, bu yeni t\u0131p <strong>hareket<\/strong> <strong>potansiyellerini<\/strong> i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu tip ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n sonlar\u0131 bulunuyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar <strong>t\u00fcm<\/strong> <strong>n\u00f6ronu<\/strong> modelleyemedikleri \u00fczere, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma insanlarda de\u011fil, sadece <strong>insan<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>h\u00fccrelerinde<\/strong> yap\u0131ld\u0131. Di\u011fer memelilerin de bu tip hareket potansiyellerini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn, lakin bunlar laboratuvardaki doku \u00f6rneklerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n<p>Bilim insanlar\u0131, beyin zar\u0131n\u0131 ve neden \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bi\u00e7imde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u00a0anlamak i\u00e7in <strong>hareket<\/strong> <strong>potansiyellerini<\/strong> ve <strong>dendrit<\/strong> <strong>davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam etmeyi umuyor.<\/p>\n<div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bilim insanlar\u0131, insan beyninde yeni bir \u00e7e\u015fit elektriksel s\u00fcre\u00e7 ke\u015ffetti. Ke\u015ffedilen bu yeni sinyal, beynimizin e\u015fsiz hesap yapma prosed\u00fcr\u00fcnde &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15095,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[851],"tags":[346,3067,934,1240,3068],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15094"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15094"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15094\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15096,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15094\/revisions\/15096"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15095"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15094"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15094"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kutaybilen.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15094"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}